Journal of Disease and Diagnosis
Volume:10 Issue: 1, Mar 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality. The surgical resection of primary CRC tumors is a critical line of treatment. The present study investigated the clinical outcomes of the surgical resection of the primary tumor in metastatic CRC patients.

In this prospective and retrospective study, 81 metastatic CRC patients were recruited at Hiwa Cancer Hospital in Sulaimani, Iraq from January 2016 to December 2019. Fortyone patients underwent surgical resection of their primary tumor while the remaining 40 patients did not undergo resection. Data regarding patients’ clinical outcomes were obtained from the clinical portal system of the hospital and were analyzed using SPSS (version 23.0).

The patients’ mean (± SD) age was 53.5 (± 17.02) years and the male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1. Patients undergoing the surgical resection of their primary tumors had a significantly better one-year survival compared to those who did not undergo resection (P=0.04). Based on the results, patients in the surgical resection group continued to have a better overall survival although it was not statistically significant (P=0.1). Significantly more patients with colon cancer underwent surgical resection compared to rectal cancer (P=0.03), and smoking habit negatively affected the chance to undergo surgical resection (P=0.009).

In general, the surgical resection of the primary tumor has a significant favorable impact on one-year survival, but possibly not on overall survival. The primary site of the tumor and smoking habits significantly influence the chance to undergo surgical resection whereas the grade of the tumor or the type of systemic therapy has no significant impact in this regard.

The ideal obstetric analgesia should provide good analgesic efficacy without reducing intensity of uterine contractions. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of pethidine and tramadol as labour analgesia on duration of labour.

A total of 170 multigravida women in active labour were randomly assigned to two equal groups. Then, 85 pregnant women received pethidine (50mg) and 85 pregnant women received tramadol (100mg) intramuscularly. Primary outcome measures were: the duration of labour, the analgesic efficacy, maternal side-effects, mode of delivery. The secondary outcomes were also assessed.

The duration of labour was shorter in tramadol group in stage one (64.7%) delivered between 120 +/- 30 minutes, while it was longer in pethidine group (67.1%) delivered between 180 +/- 30 minutes. In stage two, 44.7% of tramadol group delivered within 15 +/- 5 minutes while 51.8% in pethidine group delivered between 25 +/- 5 minutes. Visual analog score (VAS) for pain was used just before administration of drugs,1 hour and 3 hours after drug administration. The women in pethidine group had lower VAS pain score than those in tramadol group after 1 hour (4 vs 6; P =<0.001). There was a significantly higher incidence of vomiting and dizziness in pethidine group (29.4% vs 1.2%; P =<0.001).

Tramadol seems to result in a shorter duration of labour and lower incidence of maternal side effects. However, its analgesic efficacy was not as effective as pethidine.

Obtaining normative nasalance scores is essential in the process of assessing and treating resonance disorders. The purpose of this study was to obtain nasalance scores in Persianspeaking girls aged 4-6 years and investigate the age-related differences.

All participants (n=40) were screened to identify any overt problems relating to resonance, hearing, voice quality, or speech and language skills. The mean nasalance scores were obtained from normal-speaking girls during the repetition of the Persian version of the Simplified Nasometric Assessment Procedures (SNAP) test subtests. The Nasometer II (model 6450) was used to obtain the nasalance scores.

The mean nasalance score for the SNAP test subtests was obtained. Group mean and standard deviation (SD) nasalance scores of girls for oral and nasal sentences were 12.59±3.74 and 50.52±6.39, respectively. There was no significant difference between age groups (4, 5 and 6 years old) (P<0.05).

Our results provided normative nasalance scores based on the SNAP test that can be used for the evaluation and treatment of resonance problems in Persian-speaking girls.

The surgical site infections (SSIs) associated with orthopedic surgeries are prevalent since the commonly used implantation techniques increase the risk of infection. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SSI in patients with femoral shaft fracture (FSF).

This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on patients with FSF referred to Shahid Mohammadi hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran from 2012 to 2016 for open intramedullary nailing (IMN) of the femoral shaft. Data were entered into the SPSS software version 25.0 for statistical analysis.

Sixty-two individuals with the mean age of 26.95±1.19 years participated in the study, of whom 85.5% were male and 14.5% were female. Twelve patients (19.4%) had open fractures and 50 (80.6%) had closed FSFs. SSI was observed in eight cases, one of whom had deep SSI (osteomyelitis). Our results showed that SSI was not correlated with age or sex (P<0.05), but it was significantly correlated with the frequency of hospitalizations, fractures in other areas, and the type of fracture (open and closed) (P<0.05).

The overall prevalence of SSI was 12.9%, which was higher compared to previous studies. Humidity and warm weather can be major contributing factors to the high prevalence of post-operative infection in this treatment center; however, the conditions of the orthopedic operating room and facilities should also be considered.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and its associated disease, called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the world. Coronavirus was officially named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization and was recognized as a pandemic due to its rapid spread worldwide. Based on the published data, it is hoped to provide a source for later studies and to help prevent and control the contagious COVID-19 and its characteristics, and considerations that surgeons and medical staff must observe during the epidemic

One of the critical factors affecting patients’ outcomes is their concerns about different issues during their admission to the hospital. Clarifying these concerns and providing appropriate approaches could improve the quality of care, result in better outcomes, and reduce treatment costs. The present study aimed to investigate patients’ concerns during hospitalization, and the likely related factors of the educational hospitals in Kermanshah, western Iran.

This analytical-descriptive study included 600 adult patients selected via a multi-stage sampling method and admitted to all four educational hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences )KUMS) in 2016. Required data were collected using a survey with 15 questions on demographic information, current disease, medical records, and a researcherdeveloped questionnaire on factors causing concern in the Likert scale.

Of 600 patients who participated in the survey, 336 (56%) were female and 486 )81%) were married. The most frequent concerns were the length of admission, failure in treatment or recovery, and hospital costs, respectively. The length of hospital stay, income, and level of education were significantly associated with the concern scores. Also, there was a significant difference between concern score distributions in groups with a definite diagnosis of illnesses (P<0.05).

The results of this study suggested a correlation between variables such as education, income, the final diagnosis of a sickness, and the concern level of admitted patients. Our findings could help managers and hospital administrators better understand the concerns of admitted patients and find solutions to remove them.

Job’s syndrome or hyper-immunoglobulin E (IgE) syndrome (HIES) is an extremely rare primary immunodeficiency disease with an approximate annual incidence of less than 1/1000000. It is characterized by recurrent cold staphylococcal infections, unusual eczematous dermatitis, severe lung infections, and extensively high concentrations of the serum antibody IgE.

A typical case of Job’s syndrome with a family history of Kawasaki disease is presented in this study aiming at identifying the clinical features, investigational procedures, and management strategy, as well as evaluating the role of the ear, nose, and throat specialist and highlighting the probable relation between Job’s syndrome and Kawasaki disease.

In general, early detection with proper care can prevent the progression of Job syndrome. In addition, the initiated treatment at the first signs of infection is mandatory for preventing long-term complications. There is a probable relation between Job and Kawasaki which requires more consideration.

Liver cirrhosis is one of the most significant causes of death in many regions worldwide. This study aimed to assess the correlation of hemostatic and endocrine parameters with ChildTurcotte-Pugh (CTP) scoring in patients with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

This study included 59 patients monitored for non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis in a gastroenterology clinic from January 2018 to February 2019. The subjects were grouped according to the CTP scores, and their adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-SO4), progesterone, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), GH/ IGF-1 ratio, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio were measured.

According to CTP scoring, 20.3% of patients were CTP-A (n=12), 35.6% were CTP-B (n=21), and 44.1% were CTP-C (n=26). There were statistically significant differences for IGF-1, DHEA-SO4, and GH/IGF-1 ratios between CTP-A and CTP-B groups (P=0.002, P=0.043, P=0.038, respectively). Additionally, there were statistically significant differences between the CTP-B and CTP-C groups for D-dimer and GH values (P=0.024, P=0.006, respectively). There were statistically significant differences for D-dimer, GH, IGF-1, and D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio between the CTP-A and CTP-C groups (P<0.001, P=0.016, P=0.002, P=0.031, respectively).

Severe hemostatic and endocrine complications develop in patients with liver cirrhosis due to non-alcoholic causes. Additionally, it seems that using D-dimer and D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio, along with fibrinogen level, can be beneficial in showing liver damage in these patients.